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直接引语 and 间接引语
在日常交流中,有时我们需要引述别人的话。直接引用别人的原话(放在引号内)就是直接引语,用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。
1. 如果直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,要用连词that来引导。
2. 如果直接引语是一般疑问句,变成间接引语时,要用连词if或whether引导。
3. 如果直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语时,要用相应的疑问词引导。
第四关:时态的变化
直接引语变间接引语时,如果主句为现在(或将来)时态,间接引语的时态不变;如果主句为过去时态,间接引语中的谓语动词也要相应地用过去时态。如:
He says, “I am going to Beijing tomorrow.”
He says that he is going to Beijing tomorrow.
She said to me, “Li Ping will come tomorrow.”
She told me that Li Ping would come the next day.
温馨提示:如果转述的内容是客观真理时,自然现象或是谚语、格言时态不变。如:
He said, “Water boils at 100℃.”
He said that water boils at 100℃.
第五关:句子结构的变化
直接引语变间接引语时,间接引语要用陈述句的语序。引导词要放在间接引语的最前面,接下来按“主谓宾”顺序排列。即:直接引语转换成间接引语时用陈述语序
He asked Mike, “Where did you go?”
He asked Mike where he had gone.