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现在完成进行时表示的动作很可能要持续下去。而现在完成时则表示动作已结束。
The students have been preparing for the exam.
（还在进行）学生们一直在准备考试。
The students have prepared for the exam.
（已经结束）学生们为考试作了准备。
现在完成进行时强调动作持续的过程。
现在完成时强调动作的结果或成就。
My hands are very dirty. I’ve been painting the house.
I have painted the house green. The house was white, but now it’s green.
I’ve been cleaning the house but I still haven’t finished.
I’ve cleaned the house, but I still haven’t finished.
现在完成进行时比较生动，有时含有明显的感情色彩，而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实，一种影响或结果。
I have waited for two hours.
我等了两小时。(陈述事实)
I have been waiting for two hours.
我等了两个小时。(等得好辛苦)
She gazed at it for some time then added, 'You don't need bookcases at all. You can sit here in your spare time and read the carpet!'
