VOA慢速英语听力：自新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来，巴西疫苗接种率大幅下降 Brazil Sees Sharp Drop in Vaccination since COVID-19 Pandemic

VOA慢速英语听力：自新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来，巴西疫苗接种率大幅下降 Brazil Sees Sharp Drop in Vaccination since COVID-19 Pandemic.

The percentage of people vaccinated in Brazil has decreased since the COVID-19 pandemic.
自新冠疫情以来，巴西接种疫苗的人数比例有所下降。

Health officials say the situation has put millions of people at risk of being infected with diseases that have been under control in Brazil.
卫生官员表示，这种情况使得数百万人面临患上在巴西得到控制的疾病的风险。

Doctors, government agencies and the United Nations Children’s Agency, UNICEF, have tried to bring attention to the issue. Official government records show that in 2015, vaccination coverage in Brazil was 95 percent. But that number fell to 68 percent last year.
医生、政府机构和联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）一直试图引起人们对这个问题的关注。官方政府记录显示，2015年巴西的疫苗接种覆盖率为95%。但是去年这个数字下降到了68%。

For polio, vaccinations dropped from 85 percent to 68 percent. Officials are warning that polio could return to Brazil, where it had been eradicated in 1989.
脊髓灰质炎疫苗的接种率从85%下降到了68%。官员们警告说，脊髓灰质炎可能会在巴西死灰复燃，而在1989年已经被根除。

Similar decreases in vaccinations have been recorded for other diseases. The disease measles was declared eradicated from Brazil in 2016. But it returned two years later. And there are fears that diphtheria could be coming back too.
其他疾病的疫苗接种率也出现了类似的下降。麻疹在2016年被宣布在巴西根除。但两年后又出现了病例。人们担心白喉也可能再次出现。

Health experts say the reduction in vaccinations is a growing problem worldwide. But the drops are especially worrying in Brazil, a country of 203 million people that until recently was seen as a leader in nationwide vaccination campaigns.
卫生专家表示，疫苗接种率下降是一个全球性的问题。但是在巴西这个拥有2.03亿人口的国家，这种下降尤其令人担忧，巴西直到最近还被视为全国疫苗接种运动的领导者。

The French Press Agency (AFP) says that an anti-vaccination movement started spreading in Brazil around 2016. AFP recently reported that the movement got stronger during the term of former President Jair Bolsonaro who served from 2019 to 2022. Bolsonaro had refused to be vaccinated against COVID-19 and repeatedly raised questions about the safety of the vaccines.
法新社（AFP）表示，反疫苗运动在2016年左右开始在巴西蔓延。AFP最近报道称，这一运动在前总统贾尔·博尔索纳罗（Jair Bolsonaro）的任期内变得更加强大，他在2019年至2022年期间担任总统。博尔索纳罗曾拒绝接种新冠疫苗，并多次对疫苗的安全性提出质疑。

Natalia Pasternak is head of the Question of Science Institute, a public policy organization in Brazil. She told AFP, "It's very sad to see how a country whose vaccination programs set an example for the world can suddenly suffer from an anti-vaccine movement."
娜塔莉娅·帕斯特纳克（Natalia Pasternak）是巴西公共政策组织“科学问题研究所”的负责人。她告诉法新社：“看到一个曾经为世界树立了疫苗接种榜样的国家突然受到反疫苗运动的影响，真是非常悲伤。”

Vaccination efforts were slow to get started in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. But an organized and expanded campaign launched later is credited with helping to slow the spread of the disease. Official numbers show that in Brazil, more than 700,000 people died from COVID-19. That is second only to the United States, which reported more than 1.1 million deaths.
在COVID-19大流行期间，巴西的疫苗接种工作进展缓慢。但后来启动的有组织、扩大规模的疫苗接种运动被认为有助于减缓疾病的传播。官方数据显示，巴西有超过70万人死于COVID-19，仅次于报告超过110万死亡病例的美国。

Brazilian health officials say that by early 2022, the country had vaccinated 93 percent of adults against COVID-19. But after that, vaccinations began falling again – both for COVID-19 and other vaccines.
巴西卫生官员表示，截至2022年初，该国已对93%的成年人接种了COVID-19疫苗。但在那之后，疫苗接种率再次下降，无论是针对COVID-19还是其他疫苗。

Many things might be influencing decreased vaccinations. These include the failure of people to stay current on vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic. There have also been limited efforts to educate the public about the continuing dangers of diseases that can be prevented by vaccines.
许多因素可能影响到疫苗接种率的降低。其中包括人们在COVID-19大流行期间未能及时接种疫苗。还存在有限的努力来教育公众有关疫苗可以预防的疾病持续存在的危险。

New issues might be making things worse including a mix of politics, polarization and disinformation that exploded during the COVID-19 pandemic. Today, the anti-vaccination movement continues to grow although Bolsonaro lost the 2022 election to President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.
新问题可能会使情况变得更糟，包括在COVID-19大流行期间爆发的政治、极化和虚假信息的混合。今天，反疫苗运动继续增长，尽管博尔索纳罗在2022年选举中败给了卢伊斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦总统。

Isabella Ballalai is with the Brazilian Immunization Society. She told AFP, "We're facing a post-trust scenario, in which families are being attacked by disinformation and lies. It's not just the occasional fake news story, it's very structured."
伊莎贝拉·巴拉莱是巴西免疫学会的成员。她告诉法新社：“我们面临的是一个后信任的情景，家庭正受到虚假信息和谎言的攻击。这不仅仅是偶尔的假新闻报道，而是非常有条理的。”

Ballalai added that the result of bad information could end up being worse than the pandemic itself.
巴拉莱补充说，错误信息的结果可能比疫情本身更糟糕。

A recent public opinion study found the top reasons parents give for not vaccinating their children were fears of side effects and mistrust of vaccines. The study was carried out by the Brazilian Pediatrics Society and the Question of Science Institute.
最近的一项民意调查发现，家长们不给孩子接种疫苗的主要原因是担心副作用和对疫苗的不信任。这项研究由巴西儿科学会和科学问题研究所进行。

Pasternak said she has also advised health officials to think about local issues. "Studies show the best way to convince people to get vaccinated is working with local leaders...People listen to those they trust.” But Pasternak admitted the efforts will not be easy, "We have lots of work to do," she said.
帕斯特纳克表示，她还建议卫生官员们考虑当地问题。“研究表明，说服人们接种疫苗的最佳方式是与当地领导合作……人们会听信他们信任的人。”但帕斯特纳克承认这些努力并不容易，她说：“我们有很多工作要做。”
I’m Bryan Lynn.
我是Bryan Lynn。

Words in This Story

eradicate – v. to destroy or completely get rid of something

polarize – v. to cause something to divide into two completely opposing groups

scenario – n. a description of possible actions or events in the future

occasional –adj. something that does not happen all the time or very regularly

fake – adj. false, not true

convince – v. to persuade someone of something