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Structure: “He explained” should be in the front according to the normal order; “(that) it was true that he had just bought a lamb, but his lamb was black” is an objective clause; the objective clause a compound statement connected by “but”; inside the first clause of the compound statement, “it” is a form subject; “that” introduces a subjective clause.
按正常语序“He explained”应放于句首；“(that) it was true that he had just bought a lamb, but his lamb was black”是一个宾语从句；宾语从句又是一个由“but”连接的并列句组成的；并列句的第一个分句里，“it”是形式主语；“that”引导主语从句。
冠军：champion/winner 亚军：second place/ runner-up 季军：third place/ second runner-up
Ashamed of having acted so rashly, Dimitri apologized to Aleko for having accused him.
（1）paraphrase: Because Dimitri was ashamed of having acted so rashly, he apologized to Aleko for having accused him.
（2）Structure: The past participle phrase “Ashamed of having acted so rashly” is used as an adverbial of reason. 过去分词短语“Ashamed of having acted so rashly”用作原因状语。
（3）Phrase: apologize to sb for doing sth（see New words & expressions 见生词和短语）
