一般过去时讲义（教师必备详细版）

今天贝贝英语分享的是一般过去时讲义，非常适合老师们备考使用，是非常适合学生复习使用。

一般过去时

一、定义：过去某一时间发生的“动作”或存在的“状态”。

 

1. He was absent on Monday… (L. 67) 主、系、表

2. He telephoned me four times yesterday. (L. 71) 主、谓、宾

3. He took a cake and ate it quickly. (L. 74) 主、谓、宾

第二节

二、句式构成：

1.“主+系+表”的结构

肯：主语+be(was, were)+表…。

否：主语+be(was, were)+not+表…。

疑：Was/Were +主+表…？

答：肯：Yes, 主+ was/were.   否：No, 主+wasn’t /weren’t.

解析：1）be的过去式：am / is—was, are—were. (标出音标)

2）was not = wasn’t    were not = weren’t (标出音标)

e.g. 肯：He was very busy last night.

否：He wasn’t very busy last night.

疑：Was he very busy last night?  Yes, he was.  No, he weren’t.

补充  There be 的过去时：There was/were+…

e.g. There was a car race in our town last year.

2.“主+谓+宾”结构

He studied English yesterday.

—He didn’t study English yesterday.

—Did he study English yesterday?

肯：构成：主+动词的过去式+宾+…。

否：构成：主+didn’t+V原+宾…。

口诀：did 是个“照妖镜”，后面动词“现”原形。

解析：

口诀：助动词do /does/did后的动词要求“恢复原形”。

一般过去时的助动词为did.  

1) 无be无情必加“助”。一般过去时的助动词为do 的过去式did.后面加+not.

2）在didn’t后，原句中动词由过去式应“恢复原形”。（切记）

3) did not = didn’t

疑：Did+主+V原+宾…？

答：肯：Yes, 主+did.  否：No, 主+didn’t.

  He studied English yesterday.   —Did he study English yesterday?

  Yes, he did.   No, he didn’t.

特：特殊疑问句的构成：特词+did+主+v.原+其它+？

They watched the film at the cinema yesterday. (5部分)

1)对“主语”提问：Who watched the film yesterday? They did.

注意：在简答中，常用相应的助动词来代替问句中出现过的实义动词。

又如：Who cleans the blackboard for me every day? Miss Gao does.

2) 对“谓宾”提问：What did they do at the cinema yesterday?

3)对“宾语”提问： What did they watch at the cinema yesterday?

4)对“时间状语”提问：When did they watch the film at the cinema?

5)对“地点状语”提问：Where did they watch the film yesterday?

 

三、一般过去时的动词变化

 “规则动词”的“过去式”stayed变法：口诀：直、去、双、变。

直：直接+ed: looked ，played, visited; passed, joined, planted, needed.

去：去e+ed: used, changed, typed, prepared, arrived, phoned, shaved, lived, hoped, moved, closed, improved，saved, smiled, danced, decided, baked; agreed.

双：双写尾字母+ed: stopped ， planned，dropped, skipped, nodded, slipped; preferred, regretted, traveled.

变：辅音字母+y 结尾，变y为i +ed: studied, emptied, carried, tried, worried, hurried, married.

巧记不规则动词的过去式和过去分词（必背）

一、过去式和过去分词相同。A-B-B型

动词原形	过  去  式	过 去 分 词	意 思
1. bring 2. build 3. burn 4. buy 5. catch 6. dig 7. feel 8. fight 9. find 10. get 11. hang   12. have 13. hear 14. hold 15. keep 16. learn 17. leave 18. lend 19. lose 20. make 21. mean 22. meet 23. pay 24. say 25. sell 26. send 27. shine 28. sit 29. sleep 30. smell 31. spend 32. stand 33. sweep 34. teach 35. tell 36. think 37. understand 38. win	brought built burnt (burned) bought caught dug felt fought found got hung hanged had heard held kept learnt (learned) left lent lost made meant met paid said sold sent shone (shined) sat slept smelt (smelled) spent stood swept taught told thought understood won	brought built burnt (burned) bought caught dug felt fought found got hung hanged had heard held kept learnt (learned) left lent lost made meant met paid said sold sent shone (shined) sat slept smelt (smelled) spent stood swept taught told thought understood won	带来 建 燃烧 买 抓 挖 感觉 打架 发现 得到 挂（衣） 绞死（上吊） 有 听到 握 保持 学习 离开 借出 丢失 制造 意思是 遇到 付款 说 卖 送 发光 坐 睡 嗅 花费 站 扫 教 告诉 想 理解 赢

二、动词的过去分词是在动词原形后面加n或en。

动词原形	过  去  式	过 去 分 词	意 思
39. beat 40. blow 41. draw 42. drive 43. eat 44. fall 45. give 46. grow 47. know 48. mistake 49. ride 50. rise 51. see 52. show 53. take 54. throw 55. write	beat blew drew drove ate fell gave grew knew mistook rode rose saw showed took threw wrote	beaten blown drawn driven eaten fallen given grown known mistaken ridden risen seen shown taken thrown written	打 吹 画画 驾驶 吃 下落 给 生长 知道 弄错 乘、骑 升 看见 出示, 表现 拿走 抛、掷 写

三、原形、过去式和过去分词相同。A-A-A型

动词原形	过  去  式	过 去 分 词	意 思
56. cost 57. cut 58. hit 59. hurt 60. let 61. put 62. read 63. shut	cost cut hit hurt let put read          shut	cost cut hit hurt let put read          shut	值(多少)钱 切、割 打 伤害、伤痛 让 放 读 关

四、原形中的i，过去式改为a，过去分词改为u。

动词原形	过  去  式	过 去 分 词	意 思
64. begin 65. drink 66. ring 67. sing 68. swim	began drank rang sang swam	begun drunk rung sung swum	开始 饮 响 唱 游泳

 

五、动词的过去分词是在过去式后加n或en。

动词原形	过  去  式	过 去 分 词	意 思
69. break 70. choose 71. forget 72. speak 73. wake	broke chose forgot spoke woke	broken chosen forgotten spoken woken	打碎 选择 忘记 讲 醒

 

 六、动词原形和过去分词相同。

动词原形	过  去  式	过 去 分 词	意 思
74. become 75. come 76. run	became came ran	become come run	成为 来 跑

 

 

七、原形、过去式和过去分词都不同。A-B-C 型

动词原形	过  去  式	过 去 分 词	意 思
77. am，is 78. are 79. do 80. fly 81. go 82. lie 83. wear	was were did flew went lay wore	been been done flown gone lain worn	是 是 做 飞 去 躺 穿

 

八、没有过去分词的。

动词原形	过  去  式	过 去 分 词	意 思
84. can 85. may 86. shall 87. will	could might should would	/ / / /	能 可以 将要 愿、要、将

注意：

1. bring-brought-brought; buy-bought-bought;

fight-fought-fought; think-thought-thought

而：catch-caught-caught; teach-taught-taught

        (如里本身动词中已含有字母a, 则变过去式和过去分词时，也就带上a )

2. hang的两种变法区别：当“挂衣服”讲时变hung-hung:因g像挂衣服的钩；当“上吊”讲时，需要向上扔一个绳，故hanged-hanged：d 像绳一样。

3. 注意hear 与read 变过去式（分词）后的发音（标出音标）

4. 上表应让学生分三次背写完。

四、时间状语

1. yesterday系列：     e.g. the day before yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…)

2. last系列：     e.g. last week (month, night …)

提示：yesterday evening与last night 区别记忆方法：长长—短短。yesterday, evening 两个单词均较长，last, night 两个单词都较短。

3. … ago系列：    eg: two years ago, three hours ago…

4. in+过去时间点系列:  e.g. in 2002  in the past（在过去）in the old days（在旧社会）

5. just now（刚才）

以上就是一般过去时的讲义内容，感谢大家对贝贝英语网的支持！