VOA慢速英语听力： 活动人士质疑哈佛大学的传统招生方式 Activists Challenge Harvard’s Legacy Admissions.
A civil rights group is taking legal action against legacy admissions at Harvard University. It says the practice discriminates against students of color by giving special consideration to mostly white children of alumni.
一个民权组织对哈佛大学的传统招生方式提起了法律诉讼。该组织表示，这种做法对有色人种的学生构成了歧视，因为它特别考虑了主要是校友子女的白人。
The practice has faced growing criticism after the recent Supreme Court decision that ended the consideration of race in college admissions at Harvard and the University of North Carolina. The decision ended admissions policies used by American colleges to increase the number of Black, Hispanic and other minority groups.
在最近的最高法院判决结束了哈佛大学和北卡罗来纳大学在大学招生中考虑种族因素后，这种做法受到了越来越多的批评。该判决终结了美国大学为增加黑人、西班牙裔和其他少数族裔群体人数而采用的招生政策。
The legal action was filed Monday by Lawyers for Civil Rights, a nonprofit group based in Boston. The group filed the complaint on behalf of Black and Latino community groups in New England. It argued that Harvard's admissions system violates the Civil Rights Act.
该法律行动由位于波士顿的非营利组织“民权律师”于周一提起。该组织代表新英格兰地区的黑人和拉丁裔社区团体提出了申诉。它主张哈佛大学的招生制度违反了《民权法案》。
"Your family's last name and the size of your bank account are not a measure of merit, and should have no bearing on the college admissions process," said Ivan Espinoza-Madrigal. He is the group's executive director.
该组织的执行董事伊万·埃斯皮诺萨-马德里加尔表示：“你的家族姓氏和银行账户的大小并不是衡量标准，不应影响大学招生过程。”
The civil rights group National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) added its support to the effort on Monday. And the group asked more than 1,500 colleges and universities to make admissions more fair, including by ending legacy admissions.
民权组织“全国有色人种促进协会”（NAACP）于周一宣布支持这一努力。该组织要求1500多所大学和学院使招生更加公平，包括取消传统招生方式。
Opponents of legacy admissions say the practice is no longer defensible following the high court's decision. They note that the Supreme Court's ruling says colleges must ignore the race of applicants but schools can still give a lift to the children of alumni and donors.
反对传统招生的人士表示，在最高法院的决定之后，这种做法不再具有合理性。他们指出，最高法院的裁决称，大学必须忽视申请人的种族，但学校仍然可以优先考虑校友和捐赠者的子女。
The complaint was submitted to the Education Department's Office for Civil Rights. It uses Harvard data that became public during the affirmative action case that went before the Supreme Court. The records showed that 70 percent of Harvard's donor-related and legacy applicants are white. Being a legacy student makes an applicant about six times more likely to be admitted.
该申诉书提交给了教育部的民权办公室。它使用了哈佛大学在之前提交给最高法院的平权案中公开的数据。记录显示，哈佛大学与捐赠有关的和传统招生方式的申请人中，有70％是白人。作为传统招生方式的学生，申请人被录取的可能性增加了大约六倍。
The complaint points out that other selective schools, including Amherst College in Massachusetts and Johns Hopkins University in Maryland, have ended the practice.
申诉书指出，包括马萨诸塞州的阿默斯特学院和马里兰州的约翰霍普金斯大学在内的其他精英学校已经终止了这种做法。
The complaint argues that Harvard's legacy preference has nothing to do with merit and takes away spots from qualified students of color. It asks the U.S. Education Department to declare the practice illegal. It also asks the department to force Harvard to stop the practice as long as the university receives federal funding.
申诉书认为，哈佛大学的传统招生方式与优秀无关，并从有资格的有色人种学生那里夺走了名额。它要求美国教育部宣布这种做法是非法的。它还要求该部门迫使哈佛大学停止这种做法，只要该大学接受联邦资助。
If legacy and donor preferences were removed, "more students of color would be admitted to Harvard," the complaint says.
如果取消传统招生和捐赠者偏好，“会有更多的有色人种学生被录取到哈佛大学，”申诉书称。
Harvard said it would not comment on the complaint.
哈佛大学表示不愿对申诉书发表评论。
The complaint was filed on behalf of Chica Project, African Community Economic Development of New England, and the Greater Boston Latino Network.
该申诉书代表了Chica Project、新英格兰非洲社区经济发展组织和大波士顿拉美裔网络。
Also Monday, the NAACP started a campaign aimed to get universities across the nation to improve diversity. The group called on 532 public and 1,134 private colleges and universities to end legacy preferences, eliminate "racially biased" entrance exams, hire teachers from different backgrounds, and support poor and first-generation students.
同样在周一，全国有色人种促进协会（NAACP）发起了一项旨在推动全国各大学提高多样性的运动。该组织呼吁532所公立学院和1,134所私立学院取消传统招生偏好，消除“种族偏见”入学考试，聘请来自不同背景的教师，并支持贫困和首代学生。
Another campaign is urging the alumni of 30 top colleges to stop giving donations until their schools end legacy admissions. That campaign, led by education nonprofit Ed Mobilizer, also targets Harvard and other Ivy League schools.
另一项运动敦促30所顶尖学院的校友停止捐赠，直到他们的学校终止传统招生。这一运动由教育非营利组织Ed Mobilizer领导，也针对哈佛大学和其他常青藤盟校。
U.S. President Joe Biden suggested last week that universities should rethink the practice. He said legacy admissions "expand privilege instead of opportunity."
美国总统乔·拜登上周建议大学重新考虑这一做法。他说，传统招生“扩大了特权，而不是机会。”
It is unclear exactly which schools use legacy admissions and how much it helps. In California, state law requires schools to say if they use legacy admissions. The University of Southern California reported that 14 percent of last year's admitted students had family ties to alumni or donors. Stanford reported a similar rate.
目前尚不清楚到底有哪些学校使用传统招生，以及它对学生的帮助有多大。在加利福尼亚州，州法律要求学校公布是否使用传统招生。南加利福尼亚大学报告称，去年录取的学生中有14％与校友或捐赠者有亲属关系。斯坦福大学报告了类似的比例。
An Associated Press survey of the nation's most selective colleges last year found that legacy students in the freshman class ranged from 4 percent to 23 percent. At four schools — Notre Dame, the University of Southern California, Cornell, and Dartmouth — legacy students outnumbered Black students.
美联社去年对全国最具选择性的大学进行的一项调查发现，大一新生中的传统招生学生比例在4％至23％之间。在圣母大学、南加州大学、康奈尔大学和达特茅斯学院这四所学校中，传统招生学生的数量超过了黑人学生的数量。
Supporters of legacy admissions say it builds an alumni community and can increase donations. The donations, they add, can help support poor students of color.
传统招生的支持者表示，它可以建立校友群体，并可以增加捐款。他们还补充说，这些捐款可以帮助贫困的有色人种学生。
I’m Dan Novak.
我是Dan Novak。
