VOA慢速英语听力：新手册强调了道德发展技术的方法 New Handbook Highlights Ways to Develop Tech Ethically.
Artificial intelligence technology is developing quickly. A new handbook aims to help technology developers make the best ethical decisions for the public.
The new handbook is called Ethics in the Age of Disruptive Technologies: An Operational Roadmap. It promises to give guidance on concerns related to the ethical use of AI technology such as ChatGPT.
The handbook has been in the works for a few years. But the writers said they saw a need to work on it with greater urgency with the recent increased use of AI.
ITEC
The Institute of Technology, Ethics and Culture (ITEC) released the handbook on June 28. ITEC was launched by Santa Clara University’s Markkula Center for Applied Ethics and the Vatican’s Center for Digital Culture.
Father Brendan McGuire worked in the technology industry before entering the priesthood about 23 years ago. He served as the executive director of the Personal Computer Memory Card International Association in the early 1990s.
McGuire said that over the years, he has continued to meet with friends from the tech world. Many of them are now leaders in the industry. About 10 years ago, their discussions started to get more serious, he said.
"They said, 'What is coming over the hill with AI, it's amazing, it's unbelievable. But it's also frightening if we go down the wrong valley,'" McGuire said.
McGuire said his former coworkers noted there is no system to make decisions. He got in touch with Kirk Hanson, who was head of the Markkula Center. He also contacted a local bishop, or Catholic religious official.
The three of them got together and thought about what they could do. They decided they should get the Vatican involved in their efforts. Involving the government of the Roman Catholic Church made sense to them because tech companies are international companies.
For McGuire, a Catholic priest, getting guidance from the Vatican was a natural step. He worked with Bishop Paul Tighe, who was serving as the secretary of the Vatican’s Dicastery for Culture and Education. The department works for the development of people’s human values.
McGuire said Pope Francis asked Tighe to look into addressing ethical concerns related to technology.
After a few years of working together, the Markkula Center and the Vatican officially created the ITEC program in 2019.
That same year, the Vatican held a meeting in Rome called “The Common Good in the Digital Age.” McGuire said about 270 people joined. Among them were American technology company leaders and experts in robotics, cyberwarfare and security.
After talking with tech leaders, the ITEC team decided to create a handbook to help companies think about how technology can be used in ethical ways.
The guidelines are not just for Catholics, McGuire said.
Ann Skeet is senior director of leadership ethics at the Markkula Center. She was one of the handbook’s writers. She said the handbook is written in a way that is familiar to business leaders.
This handbook comes as leaders in AI are calling for help. In May, Sam Altman of OpenAI stated the need for a new agency to help regulate the powerful systems. And Microsoft president Brad Smith said the U.S. government needs to “move faster” as AI progresses.
I’m Gregory Stachel.
Words in This Story
ethical – adj. following accepted rules of behavior
priest – n. a person who has the authority to lead or perform ceremonies in some religions and especially in some Christian religions
address – v. to deal with (a matter, issue, or problem)
regulate – v. to bring (something) under the control of authority
参考译文：
人工智能技术发展迅速。一本新的手册旨在帮助技术开发人员为公众做出最佳的道德决策。
这本新手册名为《颠覆性技术时代的伦理：运作路线图》。它承诺就ChatGPT等人工智能技术的道德使用问题提供指导。
这本手册已经编写了好几年了。但作者们表示，随着最近人工智能使用的增加，他们认为有必要更加紧迫地开展这项工作。
国际贸易委员会
技术、伦理和文化研究所（ITEC）于6月28日发布了该手册。ITEC由圣克拉拉大学的马库拉应用伦理中心和梵蒂冈的数字文化中心发起。
布伦丹·麦奎尔神父在23年前成为牧师之前曾在科技行业工作。20世纪90年代初，他担任国际个人计算机存储卡协会的执行董事。
麦奎尔说，这些年来，他一直在与科技界的朋友见面。他们中的许多人现在是这个行业的领导者。他说，大约10年前，他们的讨论开始变得更加严肃。
麦奎尔说：“他们说，‘人工智能正在发生的事情，令人惊讶，难以置信。但如果我们走错了山谷，那也很可怕。’”。
麦奎尔说，他的前同事指出，没有一个系统可以做出决定。他与马克库拉中心的负责人柯克·汉森取得了联系。他还联系了当地的一位主教或天主教宗教官员。
他们三人聚在一起，思考他们能做些什么。他们决定让梵蒂冈参与他们的努力。让罗马天主教会的政府参与进来对他们来说是有意义的，因为科技公司是国际公司。
对于身为天主教牧师的麦奎尔来说，得到梵蒂冈的指导是自然而然的一步。他曾与时任梵蒂冈文化和教育司司长的保罗·蒂吉主教共事。该部门致力于发展人们的人类价值观。
麦奎尔说，教皇方济各要求提格研究解决与技术相关的道德问题。
经过几年的合作，马库拉中心和梵蒂冈于2019年正式创建了ITEC项目。
同年，梵蒂冈在罗马举行了一次名为“数字时代的共同利益”的会议。麦奎尔说，大约有270人参加了会议。其中包括美国科技公司的领导者以及机器人、网络战和安全方面的专家。
在与技术领导者交谈后，ITEC团队决定编写一本手册，帮助公司思考如何以合乎道德的方式使用技术。
麦奎尔说，这些指导方针不仅仅针对天主教徒。
Ann Skeet是Markkula中心领导伦理的高级主管。她是该手册的作者之一。她说，这本手册是以商界领袖熟悉的方式编写的。
这本手册发布之际，人工智能领域的领导者正在寻求帮助。5月，OpenAI的Sam Altman表示需要一个新的机构来帮助监管强大的系统。微软总裁Brad Smith表示，随着人工智能的发展，美国政府需要“加快步伐”。
我是Gregory Stachel。
