VOA慢速英语听力：现在大多数常春藤盟校都有女校长 Most Ivy League Schools Now Have Female Presidents.
Three women started new terms as presidents at Ivy League universities in July. Their appointments mean that six of the eight highly selective schools are led by a female president.
七月份，有三位女性开始了担任常春藤联盟大学校长的新任期。她们的任命意味着八所高度选择性的学校中有六所由女性校长领导。
Sian Beilock is now the first female president at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire. Nemat Shafik, who was born in Egypt, is the first female president at Columbia University in New York City. And Claudine Gay is the first Black person and the second woman to lead Harvard University.
Sian Beilock现在是新罕布什尔州达特茅斯学院的第一位女性校长。埃及出生的Nemat Shafik是纽约市哥伦比亚大学的第一位女性校长。而Claudine Gay则是哈佛大学第一位黑人校长，也是第二位女性校长。
They joined Christina Paxson at Brown University in Rhode Island, Martha Pollack at Cornell University in New York, and Elizabeth Magill at the University of Pennsylvania.
她们加入了Brown大学的Christina Paxson、纽约康奈尔大学的Martha Pollack以及宾夕法尼亚大学的Elizabeth Magill。
The two Ivies with male presidents are Princeton University in New Jersey and Yale University in Connecticut.
常春藤大学中拥有男性校长的是新泽西州的普林斯顿大学和康涅狄格州的耶鲁大学。
Are the numbers similar anywhere else?
还有其他地方的数据类似吗？
While women lead six out of eight Ivy League schools, the story is far different at other American colleges and universities.
尽管女性领导了八所常春藤联盟学校中的六所，但在美国其他学院和大学中情况截然不同。
Only about 32 percent of college or university presidents are women. That number comes from the American Council on Education (ACE).
只有大约32%的大学或大学校长是女性。这个数据来自美国教育协会（ACE）。
The organization says in its 2023 report that the data is important because of the makeup of college students in the United States.
该组织在其2023年报告中表示，这些数据很重要，因为它涉及到美国大学生的构成。
Today, there are more women in colleges – about 60 percent of all students – and more minorities. But about 70 percent of college presidents are white, and 46 percent are white men. Only 10 percent are women of color. And most college presidents are about 60 years old.
现在，大学里的女性比例更高-约占所有学生的60% - 而且少数族裔学生也更多。但是大约70%的大学校长是白人，其中46%是白人男性。只有10%是有色女性。大多数大学校长年龄在60岁左右。
Hiro Okahana led the research team for ACE’s report. He called the news of the three new Ivy League presidents "a very exciting thing to see," but he also called it "an anomaly." An anomaly is a piece of information different from the expected result in a study.
Hiro Okahana带领ACE的研究团队进行了调查。他称三位新任常春藤大学校长的消息是“非常令人兴奋的事情”，但他也称其为“异常情况”。异常情况指的是在研究中与预期结果不同的信息。
Choosing women and minorities, he said, "sends a good message" to colleges and universities. But he did have one concern:
他表示，选择女性和少数族裔“传递了一个好的信息”给大学和学校。但是他也有一个担忧：
"It is important that they are bringing into a place where they are set up for success, and being able to thrive as leaders. So we will continue to see how their presidencies will shape up to be and lead these institutions toward the future."
“重要的是，她们能够进入一个为她们成功铺垫的环境，并能够作为领导者茁壮成长。因此，我们将继续观察她们的任期将如何塑造，并引领这些机构走向未来。”
ACE's study showed that some women who became university presidents felt they did not get enough information about the university's health before they took the job.
ACE的研究显示，一些成为大学校长的女性表示，她们在就任前没有获得足够有关大学状况的信息。
Felecia Commodore teaches higher education at Old Dominion University in Virginia. She wrote about the Ivy League presidents for The Conversation. Commodore suggests the news is important, but it would be a bigger story if large public universities in the U.S. had more female or Black presidents.
Felecia Commodore在弗吉尼亚州老道明尼恩大学教授高等教育。她为The Conversation撰写了关于常春藤大学校长的文章。Commodore表示这则新闻很重要，但如果美国的大型公立大学有更多女性或黑人校长，那将是一个更大的故事。
Of note, large universities such as Ohio State, Penn State and Texas A&M recently appointed female presidents.
值得注意的是，俄亥俄州立大学、宾夕法尼亚州立大学和德克萨斯农工大学等大型大学最近任命了女性校长。
Do students care about their presidents?
学生们关心他们的校长吗？
Carolyn Pippen is a college advisor for IvyWise, a company that helps students prepare for college. She said students have so many things to consider -- study programs, housing, and post-graduation -- they don’t often think about the president. She gave Harvard as an example.
Carolyn Pippen是IvyWise的大学顾问，这是一家帮助学生准备大学的公司。她说学生们需要考虑很多事情——学习计划、住房和毕业后的事情——他们通常不会考虑校长。她以哈佛大学为例。
“I don't think there are any students that are worried that Harvard is going to be anything other than a fantastic experience and certainly going to set them up for success.”
“我认为没有任何学生担心哈佛大学会变成除了美好经历外的其他事情，当然它肯定会让他们成功。”
Some students, though, see women taking leadership positions at colleges as "wonderful." That is what Ava Ayala said. She will start her second year at Colorado State University this autumn.
然而，一些学生将女性担任大学领导职位视为“美好的事情”。这是Ava Ayala说的。她将在今年秋天开始在科罗拉多州立大学的第二学年。
“I think that having more women in these roles really opens up pathways to allow other people, maybe of different race or gender, to step into those roles next.”
“我认为，女性在这些职位上的增加真的为其他人打开了道路，也许是不同种族或性别的人，他们可以接替这些职位。”
Colorado State appointed a female president in 2023.
科罗拉多州立大学于2023年任命了一位女性校长。
What next?
下一步是什么？
Okahana, the research leader, said colleges and universities should work to widen their search for future presidents.
研究负责人Okahana表示，学院和大学应该努力扩大对未来校长的搜索范围。
If they are looking for leaders who better reflect their student population, they should consider business leaders, medical experts, and others. "We know there are many different pathways ... to rise up to the college presidency," he said.
如果他们正在寻找更能反映他们学生群体的领导者，他们应该考虑商界领袖、医学专家和其他人。他说：“我们知道有许多不同的途径……可以晋升为大学校长。”
Sometimes, that can include people who were international students.
有时，这可能包括曾经是国际学生的人。
Okahana is from Japan, and he went to college at a large university in California. He said seeing and talking with the school's president made him think about working in higher education.
Okahana来自日本，他在加利福尼亚的一所大学就读。他说，看到并与学校的校长交谈使他思考起在高等教育领域工作的可能性。
And his report showed nearly 10 percent of American college presidents were not born in the U.S.
他的报告显示，近10%的美国大学校长并非在美国出生。
"So," he said, "there are some readers and listeners of this piece who might lead an institution in the United States one day."
他说：“因此，这里有一些读者和听众也许将有一天在美国领导一所机构。”
I'm Dan Friedell. And I'm Jill Robbins.
我是丹·弗里德尔。我是吉尔·罗宾斯。
Words in This Story
appoint –v. to name someone to a leadership position or a job
selective –adj. careful to only choose the best people or things
thrive –v. to grow or exist in a healthy way
institution –n. a school, university or a place where people are taken care of
graduation –n. the act of receiving a degree from a school or university
fantastic –adj. out of the ordinary, exciting
role –n. the part, job or position someone has in a society or other group
allow –v. to permit something
